The only one I found that can really stand the test of time is Magic the Gathering.
Pokemon get's more broken each new edition, Yu-Gi-Oh seems to go out of it's way to make specific "I win" cards, there's some Anime Card game I've seen people play but that one had the flaw of not even letting you customise cards/decks. Then Hearthstones? That one seems to have a big barrier of entry to new people due to how the gem and unlockable system works.
Magic seems to address all the flaws mentioned above though. They cycle out old editions so in official play all the cards are balanced around one another (you can still use older cards in different game modes. But then you do unavoidably raise potential of deck abuse), it has the Mana cost system so "I win" cards are something you spend a long time building up to get, it's a game that thrives on combining different cards and colours/elements, and they provide both powerful starter decks and 20$ starter kits with 200+ cards, giving anyone a good amount of options right at the start instead of scrapping by with barebones basics.